Climate change impacts and adaptation strategies in Africa: Selected case studies

Abstract

Climate change poses significant challenges to Africa, impacting various sectors and regions across the continent. This comprehensive review examines the effects of climate change in Africa through case studies in the Sahel, West Africa, East Africa, Southern Africa, and Central Africa. These studies highlight commonalities and interconnections, emphasizing the vulnerability of African communities. The prevalence of drought and food insecurity in the Sahel, coastal erosion and rising sea levels in West Africa, shifts in rainfall patterns in East Africa, health risks in Sub-Saharan Africa, and deforestation in Central Africa highlight the need for effective adaptation strategies. Integrated and multi-sectoral approaches are crucial to address the complex challenges of climate change. Collaboration among stakeholders, including governments, communities, researchers, and international agencies, is essential for developing holistic adaptation strategies. Lessons from the case studies stress the need for resilient agriculture, community-based initiatives, policy interventions, and knowledge sharing. Incorporating local knowledge and involving communities in decision-making are key for sustainable solutions. The findings have significant implications for regional climate change adaptation and policy-making. Integrating climate change considerations into development planning, establishing dedicated institutions, and securing funding are urgents. International cooperation and technology transfer enhance Africa's adaptive capacity and resilience, protecting communities, ecosystems, and biodiversity. This review provides valuable insights into climate change impacts in Africa, offering a comprehensive understanding of interconnected challenges and adaptation opportunities. It serves as a foundation resource for evidence-based policies and strategies, fostering climate resilience and sustainable development across the continent.

Keywords: Adaptation strategies, Africa, climate change, vulnerabilities