Can insects save humanity?

Abstract

With an increase in the global population and the need to avail new arable land, there
is a need to look for alternative farming systems that are sustainable. The production of
protein from macro-farming units is becoming unsustainable. To add to this demeanor
is the food waste debacle. The present review evaluates the insect industry holistically
from the growth of the insects to harvesting and processing, to using insects in food waste
reduction, to the production of bioactive ingredients from insects, to food safety issues
regarding entomophagy, and to consumer acceptance of the insects. The authors highlight
the potential of using insects as future food and feed component and evaluate the stronger
sustainability of protein production through insect farming. Entomophagy is a global
culinary trend dominant in Africa, America, and Asia. With increased migration, the use
of insects has to be seriously evaluated in markets not readily accepting them. The use of
insects in the feed also offers a potential for sustainable protein utilisation, considering that
soybean protein and fishmeal are becoming difficult to use as a protein source due to costs
and unsustainable production methods. The future for the insect industry looks positive
from all fronts.