Leveraging data to enhance Sanitary and phytosanitary measures and compliance in Kenya: a case study

Abstract

Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) are salient in ensuring consumer safety and mitigating the spread of diseases or pests. However, inconsistent data on food safety, plant, and animal health and challenges with data quality and accuracy, analysis, and interpretation; bureaucracy; human capacity and financial constraints may limit compliance with local and international standards. To improve market access through targeted monitoring and surveillance, there is a need to enhance local data collection and sharing and leverage the role of both public and private entities. The paper is a review that outlines key aspects of SPS data requirements, available databases, challenges, and opportunities for improvement. The process involved an exploration of the key local and international databases including the World Trade Organization, World Organization for Animal Health, COMESA, and Intergovernmental Authority on Development. We propose programs for data collection, management, and analysis incorporating both public and private sectors, while leveraging advanced technologies like big data analytics and blockchain technology to streamline SPS data processing and decision making. We further explored the establishment of frameworks for gap analysis, data sharing, and interoperability between entities. Emphasise was placed on the importance of capacity building, technology adoption, education, awareness, research, and collaboration in the context of SPS data requirements. Finally, we assessed the compliance, and utilization as important components for regional and international agricultural and food products market access and competitiveness. These strategies when successfully implemented will enhance SPS data collection, quality, and analysis, and improve their incorporation into biosecurity frameworks.